The paper explores the urban and regional planning and transport policy implications of the hyperloop technology as well as its technical, economic, human and environmental dimensions through a wide-ranging literature review. This paper therefore attempts to investigate the current state of knowledge about the technology and to identify some knowledge gaps in this new mode of transport. However, due to the hyperloop's very recent nature, its actual effects on cities and people are largely speculative. UHSR claims to be superior to other HS transport in operational, economic, environmental and social performance ( Janić, 2018). The main selling point used by Musk in his proposal for UHSR is cutting carbon emissions through very high energy efficiency and efficiently managing urban growth. The technology has an ambitious goal to result in a time-space shrinkage, which will increase the accessibility of cities through very low travel times over long distances ( Musk, 2013 Rajendran and Harper, 2020). The concept works on electromagnetic attraction forces with travel pods operating in a very low-pressure environment with almost no air resistance or friction, thus enabling the theoretical speed of 1,200 km/h. Hyperloop is the newest HS ground transport system currently in the early stage of testing. Since 2013 several companies have been actively promoting hyperloop's development in various locations around the world ( Ravenscroft, 2019). The technology significantly builds on a much older idea variously known as “gravity vacuum tube,” “gravity vacuum transit,” or “high-speed tube transportation,” which dates originally back to 1865 ( Edwards, 1965 Özbek and Çodur, 2021). In 2013, the CEO of SpaceX, Elon Musk, proposed a concept of ultra-high-speed rail (UHSR) called hyperloop and open-sourced it ( Rajendran and Harper, 2020). At the beginning of the 21st century, the second railway revolution had emerged called high-speed rail (HSR), operational in numerous parts of the world, including Japan, western and northern Europe, Korea and China ( Sideris et al., 2012). Therefore, companies have been trying to alter existing public ground transportation systems to maximize public transportation benefits ( Janić, 2018). By the end of the 20th century, the railway's impact on urban form waned considerably due to the proliferation of the automobile and air travel in many parts of the world ( Sideris et al., 2012). They brought prosperity and decline to towns depending on the location of the stations. Railways structured urban geographies for most of the 19th and 20th century. ![]() The paper concludes that many of the claims about hyperloop are subject to contrary information, meaning that great caution and prudence are currently needed regarding attempts at commercial deployment. It also considers in some detail the likely urban and regional planning and transport policy implications of the hyperloop technology based on the known effects of existing high-speed rail (HSR) systems. ![]() India, a country struggling with existing public transportation and urban mobility needs, agreed to construct a hyperloop through the company “Virgin Hyperloop One.” This paper first investigates the key technical, environmental, economic and human considerations in assessing the applicability of hyperloop to a particular location. Since 2013, several companies have been vigorously promoting hyperloop development in various locations worldwide and competing to construct the world's first functional and commercially viable hyperloop. Hyperloop's ambitious speed goal has the potential to result in time-space shrinkage, which would then make distant cities more accessible with greatly reduced travel times. This technology enables a rail service to operate at a potential speed of 1,200 km/h. The latest invention of such is Elon Musk's ultra-high-speed rail (UHSR), hyperloop. 2Curtin University Sustainability and Policy Institute (CUSP), Curtin University, Perth, WA, AustraliaĬompanies globally have been trying to alter existing transportation systems to maximize public transport benefits, especially in the sector of high-speed (HS) ground transportation.1Fachbereich 1, Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen and Geomatik, Frankfurt University of Applied Sciences, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. ![]() Smriti Premsagar 1 and Jeffrey Kenworthy 1,2 *
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |